酒泉天气预报15天查询_酒泉天气预报15天查询当地天气

1.北京的春天怎么会刮那么多的沙子？

Let's take a look at the weather in JiuQuan for the next 24 hours.Jiu quan would be cloudy at the time with the temperature from eigh to twenty-eight.A strong wind would reach Datong,which could cause much rain,The temperature would be six to twenty-six.Yangquan would be sunny with the highest temperature of thirty degree.Linfen would be windy and its temperature would be twenty-three to thirty-two.We would he a sunny and hot day in Yuncheng.Its temperature would stay between twenty-eight to thirty-four.

北京的春天怎么会刮那么多的沙子？

名称：新浪天气预报代码

代码 ：<IFRAME ID='ifm2' WIDTH='260' HEIGHT='70' ALIGN='CENTER' MARGINWIDTH='0' MARGINHEIGHT='0' HSPACE='0' VSPACE='0' FRAMEBORDER='0' SCROLLING='NO' src="://news.sina.cn/iframe/weather/130101.html"></iframe>

说明 ：这种适合于在网页的头栏插入。上面的城市可以自定，比如 石家庄可改成别的。

城市代码：

"110100","北京"

"120100","天津"

"130101","石家庄"

"130201","唐山"

"130301","秦皇岛"

"130701","张家口"

"130801","承德"

"131001","廊坊"

"130401","邯郸"

"130501","邢台"

"130601","保定"

"130901","沧州"

"133001","衡水"

"140101","太原"

"140201","大同"

"140301","阳泉"

"140501","晋城"

"140601","朔州"

"142201","忻州"

"142331","离石"

"142401","榆次"

"142601","临汾"

"142701","运城"

"140401","长治"

"150101","呼和浩特"

"150201","包头"

"150301","乌海"

"152601","集宁"

"152701","巴彦浩特"

"152801","临河"

"152921","鄂尔多斯"

"150401","赤峰"

"152301","通辽"

"152502","锡林浩特"

"152101","海拉尔"

"152201","乌兰浩特"

"210101","沈阳"

"210201","大连"

"210301","鞍山"

"210401","抚顺"

"210501","本溪"

"210701","锦州"

"210801","营口"

"210901","阜新"

"211101","盘锦"

"211201","铁岭"

"211301","朝阳"

"211401","葫芦岛"

"210601","丹东"

"220101","长春"

"220201","吉林"

"220301","四平"

"220401","辽源"

"220601","松原"

"222301","白城"

"222401","延边"

"220501","通化"

"230101","哈尔滨"

"230301","鸡西"

"230401","鹤岗"

"230501","双鸭山"

"230701","伊春"

"230801","佳木斯"

"230901","七台河"

"231001","牡丹江"

"232301","绥化"

"230201","齐齐哈尔"

"230601","大庆"

"232601","黑河"

"232700","大兴安岭"

"310100","上海"

"320101","南京"

"320201","无锡"

"320301","徐州"

"320401","常州"

"320501","苏州"

"320600","南通"

"320701","连云港"

"320801","淮阴"

"320901","盐城"

"321001","扬州"

"321101","镇江"

"321102","泰州"

"321103","宿迁"

"330101","杭州"

"330201","宁波"

"330301","温州"

"330401","嘉兴"

"330501","湖州"

"330601","绍兴"

"330701","金华"

"330801","衢州"

"330901","舟山"

"332501","丽水"

"332602","台州"

"340101","合肥"

"340201","芜湖"

"340301","蚌埠"

"340401","淮南"

"340501","马鞍山"

"340601","淮北"

"340701","铜陵"

"340801","安庆"

"341001","黄山市"

"342101","阜阳"

"342201","宿州"

"342301","滁州"

"342401","六安"

"342501","宣城"

"342601","巢湖"

"342901","池州"

"350101","福州"

"350201","厦门"

"350301","莆田"

"350401","三明"

"350501","泉州"

"350601","漳州"

"352101","南平"

"352201","宁德"

"352601","龙岩"

"352602","陇南"

"352603","庆阳"

"360101","南昌"

"360201","景德镇"

"362101","赣州"

"360301","萍乡"

"360401","九江"

"360501","新余"

"360601","鹰潭"

"362201","宜春"

"362301","上饶"

"362401","吉安"

"370101","济南"

"370201","青岛"

"370301","淄博"

"370401","枣庄"

"370501","东营"

"370601","烟台"

"370701","潍坊"

"370801","济宁"

"370901","泰安"

"371001","威海"

"371100","日照"

"372301","滨州"

"372401","德州"

"372501","聊城"

"372801","临沂"

"372901","菏泽"

"372902","莱芜"

"410101","郑州"

"410201","开封"

"410301","洛阳"

"410401","平顶山"

"410501","安阳"

"410601","鹤壁"

"410701","新乡"

"410801","焦作"

"410901","濮阳"

"411001","许昌"

"411101","漯河"

"411201","三门峡"

"412301","商丘"

"412701","周口"

"412801","驻马店"

"412901","南阳"

"413001","信阳"

"420101","武汉"

"420201","黄石"

"420301","十堰"

"420400","随州"

"420501","宜昌"

"420601","襄樊"

"420701","鄂州"

"420801","荆门"

"422103","黄冈"

"422201","孝感"

"422301","咸宁"

"422421","荆州"

"422801","恩施"

"430101","长沙"

"430401","衡阳"

"430501","邵阳"

"432801","郴州"

"432901","永州"

"430801","韶山"

"430802","张家界"

"433001","怀化"

"433101","吉首"

"430201","株洲"

"430301","湘潭"

"430601","岳阳"

"430701","常德"

"432301","益阳"

"432501","娄底"

"440101","广州"

"440301","深圳"

"441501","汕尾"

"441301","惠州"

"441601","河源"

"441801","清远"

"441901","东莞"

"440401","珠海"

"440701","江门"

"441201","肇庆"

"442001","中山"

"440801","湛江"

"440901","茂名"

"440201","韶关"

"440501","汕头"

"441401","梅州"

"441701","阳江"

"441702","潮州"

"441703","顺德"

"441704","揭阳"

"441705","云浮"

"450101","南宁"

"450401","梧州"

"452501","玉林"

"450301","桂林"

"452601","百色"

"452701","河池"

"452802","钦州"

"450201","柳州"

"450501","北海"

"450502","防城港"

"450503","贵港"

"450504","贺州"

"460100","海口"

"460200","三亚"

"460300","西沙群岛"

"510101","成都"

"513321","眉山"

"513101","雅安"

"513229","峨嵋山"

"510301","自贡"

"500100","重庆"

"500102","万州"

"500103","涪陵"

"512901","南充"

"510501","泸州"

"510601","德阳"

"510701","绵阳"

"510901","遂宁"

"511001","内江"

"511101","乐山"

"512501","宜宾"

"510801","广元"

"513021","达州"

"513401","资阳"

"510401","攀枝花"

"510402","阿坝"

"510403","甘孜"

"510404","凉山"

"510405","广安"

"510406","巴中"

"500239","黔江"

"520101","贵阳"

"520200","六盘水"

"522201","铜仁"

"522501","安顺"

"522601","凯里"

"522701","都匀"

"522301","兴义"

"522421","毕节"

"522101","遵义"

"530101","昆明"

"530201","德宏"

"532201","曲靖"

"532301","楚雄"

"532401","玉溪"

"532501","红河"

"532621","文山"

"532721","思茅"

"532101","昭通"

"532821","西双版纳"

"532901","大理"

"533001","保山"

"533121","怒江"

"533221","丽江"

"533321","迪庆"

"533521","临沧"

"540101","拉萨"

"542121","昌都"

"542221","山南"

"542301","日喀则"

"542421","那曲"

"542523","阿里"

"542621","林芝"

"610101","西安"

"610201","铜川"

"610301","宝鸡"

"610401","咸阳"

"612101","渭南"

"612301","汉中"

"612401","安康"

"612501","商洛"

"612601","延安"

"612701","榆林"

"620101","兰州"

"620401","白银"

"620301","金昌"

"620501","天水"

"622201","张掖"

"622301","武威"

"622421","定西"

"622701","平凉"

"622901","临夏"

"620201","嘉峪关"

"622102","酒泉"

"630100","西宁"

"632121","果洛"

"632221","海西"

"632321","格尔木"

"632521","海东"

"632621","海北"

"632721","玉树"

"632802","黄南"

"640101","银川"

"640201","石嘴山"

"642101","吴忠"

"642221","固原"

"650101","乌鲁木齐"

"650201","克拉玛依"

"652101","吐鲁番"

"652201","哈密"

"652301","昌吉"

"652701","博乐"

"652801","库尔勒"

"652901","阿克苏"

"653001","克州"

"653101","喀什"

"654101","伊犁"

"655001","石河子"

"655002","塔城"

"655003","阿勒泰"

"710001","台北"

"211001","辽阳"

"653201","和田"

"820000","澳门"

"810000","香港"

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沙尘来源及其路径

近4年春季，我国境内共发生53次（1999年9次，2000年14次，2001年18次，2002年12次）沙尘天气，其中有33次起源于蒙古国中南部戈壁地区，换句话说，就是每年肆虐我国的沙尘，约有六成来自境外。这是7月2日，中国气象局副局长李黄向媒体公布的研究结果。他说，2002年春季，我国北方共出现了12次沙尘天气过程。具有出现时段集中、发生强度大、影响范围广等3个特点。影响我国的沙尘天气源地，可分为境外和境内两种。分析表明：三分之二的沙尘天气起源于蒙古国南部地区，在途经我国北方时得到沙尘物质的补充而加强；境内沙源仅为三分之一左右。发生在中亚（哈萨克斯坦）的沙尘天气，不可能影响我国西北地区东部乃至华北地区。新疆南部的塔克拉玛干沙漠是我国境内的沙尘天气高发区，但一般不会影响到西北地区东部和华北地区。我国的沙尘天气路径可分为西北路径、偏西路径和偏北路径：西北1路路径，沙尘天气一般起源于蒙古高原中西部或内蒙古西部的阿拉善高原，主要影响我国西北、华北；西北2路路径，沙尘天气起源于蒙古国南部或内蒙古中西部，主要影响西北地区东部、华北北部、东北大部；偏西路径，沙尘天气起源于蒙古国西南部或南部的戈壁地区、内蒙古西部的沙漠地区，主要影响我国西北、华北；偏北路径，沙尘天气一般起源于蒙古国乌兰巴托以南的广大地区，主要影响西北地区东部、华北大部和东北南部。

近年我国的大风沙尘天气

经统计,60年代特大沙尘暴在我国发生过8次，70年代发生过13次，80年代发生过14次，而90年代至今已发生过20多次，并且波及的范围愈来愈广，造成的损失愈来愈重。现将90年代以来我国出现的几次主要大风和沙尘暴天气的有关情况介绍如下：1993年：4月至5月上旬，北方多次出现大风天气。4月19日至5月8日，甘肃、宁夏、内蒙古相继遭大风和沙尘暴袭击。其中5月5日至6日，一场特大沙尘暴袭击了新疆东部、甘肃河西、宁夏大部、内蒙古西部地区，造成严重损失。1994年：4月6日开始，从蒙古国和我国内蒙古西部刮起大风，北部沙漠戈壁的沙尘随风而起，飘浮到河西走廊上空，漫天黄土持续数日。1995年：11月7日，山东40多个县（市）遭受暴风袭击，35人死亡，121人失踪，320人受伤，直接经济损失10亿多元。1996年：5月29日至30日，自1965年以来最严重的强沙尘暴袭掠河西走廊西部，黑风骤起，天地闭合，沙尘弥漫，树木轰然倒下，人们呼吸困难，遭受破坏最严重的酒泉地区直接经济损失达两亿多元。1998年：4月5日，内蒙古的中西部、宁夏的西南部、甘肃的河西走廊一带遭受了强沙尘暴的袭击，影响范围很广，波及北京、济南、南京、杭州等地。4月19日，新疆北部和东部吐鄯托盆地遭瞬间风力达12级的大风袭击，部分地区同时伴有沙尘。这次特大风灾造成大量财产损失，有6人死亡、44人失踪、256人受伤。5月19日凌晨，新疆北部地区突遭狂风袭击，阿拉山口、塔城等风口地区风力达9至10级，瞬间风速达每秒32米，其他地区风力普遍达到6至7级。狂风刮倒大树，部分地段电力线路被刮断。1999年：4月3日至4日，呼和浩特地区接连两天发生持续大风及沙尘暴天气。这次沙尘暴的范围从内蒙古自治区的西部地区一直到东部的通辽市南部，瞬时风速为每秒16米。伊克昭盟达拉特旗风力最高达到10级。2000年：3月22日至23日，内蒙古自治区出现大面积沙尘暴天气，部分沙尘被大风携至北京上空，加重了扬沙的程度。3月27日，沙尘暴又一次袭击北京城，局部地区瞬时风力达到8至9级。正在安翔里小区一座两层楼楼顶施工的7名工人被大风刮下，两人当场死亡。一些广告牌被大风刮倒，砸伤行人，砸坏车辆。2002年：3月18日到21日，20世纪90年代以来范围最大、强度最强、影响最严重、持续时间最长的沙尘天气过程袭击了我国北方140多万平方公里的大地，影响人口达1.3亿。

沙尘暴的概念、规定和标准

一、沙尘天气概念：

沙尘天气分为浮尘、扬沙、沙尘暴和强沙尘暴四类。

浮尘：尘土、细沙均匀地浮游在空中，使水平能见度小于10公里的天气现象；

扬沙：风将地面尘沙吹起，使空气相当混浊，水平能见度在1公里至10公里以内的天气现象；

沙尘暴：强风将地面大量尘沙吹起，使空气很混浊，水平能见度小于1公里的天气现象；

强沙尘暴：大风将地面尘沙吹起，使空气很混浊，水平能见度小于500米的天气现象。

二、沙尘天气过程分类

沙尘天气过程分为四类：浮尘天气过程、扬沙天气过程、沙尘暴天气过程和强沙尘暴天气过程。

浮尘天气过程：在同一次天气过程中，我国天气预报区域内5个或5个以上国家基本（准）站在同一观测时次出现了浮尘天气；

扬沙天气过程：在同一次天气过程中，我国天气预报区域内5个或5个以上国家基本（准）站在同一观测时次出现了扬沙天气；

沙尘暴天气过程：在同一次天气过程中，我国天气预报区域内3个或3个以上国家基本（准）站在同一观测时次出现了沙尘暴天气；

强沙尘暴天气过程：在同一次天气过程中，我国天气预报区域内3个或3个以上国家基本（准）站在同一观测时次出现了强沙尘暴天气。

三、沙尘天气预报警报发布标准：

1、决策服务

预计未来24小时内将有沙尘天气过程发生时，在内部公报、专报及决策服务材料中发布沙尘天气预报。

2、公众预报

国家级标准：

预计未来24小时内将有沙尘天气过程发生，且影响范围较大或影响到京津地区时，向社会公众发布沙尘暴警报。；

预计未来24小时内将有沙尘暴或强沙尘暴天气过程发生，并将造成严重影响时，向社会公众发布沙尘暴警报。

省级标准：

由各省（区、市）气象局参照国家级标准确定。

说明：

1、省级沙尘天气预报警报发布标准报中国气象局备案。

2、沙尘天气预报、警报应包括发生沙尘天气的区域、时段、强度、可能造成的影响及对策。

3、中央气象台向公众发布沙尘天气预报警报前应及时通过有效方式向有关省气象台通报，省级气象台向公众发布沙尘天气预报警报前应及时通过有效方式向中央气象台及有关气象台站通报。

沙尘暴天气成因及物理机制

沙尘暴天气成因

有利于产生大风或强风的天气形势,有利的沙、尘源分布和有利的空气不稳定条件是沙尘暴或强沙尘暴形成的主要原因。强风是沙尘暴产生的动力，沙、尘源是沙尘暴物质基础，不稳定的热力条件是利于风力加大、强对流发展，从而夹带更多的沙尘，并卷扬得更高。

除此之外，前期干旱少雨，天气变暖，气温回升，是沙尘暴形成的特殊的天气气候背景；地面冷锋前对流单体发展成云团或飑线是有利于沙尘暴发展并加强的中小尺度系统；有利于风速加大的地形条件即狭管作用,是沙尘暴形成的有利条件之一。

沙尘暴形成的物理机制

在极有利的大尺度环境、高空干冷急流和强垂直风速、风向切变及热力不稳定层结条件下，引起锋区附近中小尺度系统生成、发展，加剧了锋区前后的气压、温度梯度，形成了锋区前后的巨大压温梯度。在动量下传和梯度偏差风的共同作用下，使近地层风速陡升，掀起地表沙尘，形成沙尘暴或强沙尘暴天气。

沙尘暴主要危害方式

⑴ 强风：携带细沙粉尘的强风摧毁建筑物及公用设施，造成人蓄亡。

⑵ 沙埋：以风沙流的方式造成农田、渠道、村舍、铁路、草场等被大量流沙掩埋，尤其是对交通运输造成严重威胁。

⑶ 土壤风蚀：每次沙尘暴的沙尘源和影响区都会受到不同程度的风蚀危害，风蚀深度可达1～10厘米。据估计，我国每年由沙尘暴产生的土壤细粒物质流失高达106～107 吨，其中绝大部分粒径在10微米以下，对源区农田和草场的土地生产力造成严重破坏。

⑷ 大气污染：在沙尘暴源地和影响区，大气中的可吸入颗粒物（TSP）增加，大气污染加剧。以1993年“5.5”特强沙尘暴为例，甘肃省金昌市的室外空气的TSP浓度达到1016 mg/m3，室内为80 mg/m3，超过国家标准的40倍。2000年3—4月，北京地区受沙尘暴的影响，空气污染指数达到4级以上的有10天，同时影响到我国东部许多城市。3月24—30日，包括南京、杭州在内的18个城市的日污染指数超过4级。

黑风的危害

黑风的危害主要有两个字，一是风二是沙。

大风的危害也有两：一是风力破坏，二是刮蚀地皮。

先说风力破坏。大风破坏建筑物，吹倒或拔起树木电杆，撕毁农民塑料温室大棚和农田地膜等等。此外，由于西北地区四、五月正是瓜果、蔬菜、甜菜、棉花等经济作物出苗，生长子叶或真叶期和果树开花期，此时最不耐风吹沙打。轻则叶片蒙尘，使光合作用减弱，且影响呼吸，降低作物的产量；重则苗死花落，那就更谈不上成熟结果了。例如，993年5月5日黑风，使西北地区8.5万株果木花蕊被打落，10.94万株防护林和用材林折断或连根拔起。此外，大风刮倒电杆造成停水停电，影响工农业生产。1993年5月5日黑风造成的停电停水，仅金昌市金川公司一家就造成经济损失8300万元。

大风作用于干旱地区疏松的土壤时会将表土刮去一层，叫做风蚀。例如1993年5月5日黑风平均风蚀深度十厘米（最多50厘米），也就是每亩地平均有60到70立方米的肥沃表土被风刮走。其实大风不仅刮走土壤中细小的黏土和有机质，而且还把带来的沙子积在土壤中，使土壤肥力大为降低。此外大风夹沙粒还会把建筑物和作物表面磨去一层，叫做磨蚀，也是一种灾害。

沙的危害主要是沙埋。前面说过，狭管，迎风和隆起等地形下，因为风速大，风沙危害主要是风蚀，而在背风凹洼等风速较小的地形下，风沙危害主要便是沙埋了。例如，1993年5月5日黑风中发生沙埋的地方，沙埋厚度平均20厘米，最厚处达到了1.2米。

此外更重要的是，人的生命的损失。例如1993年5月5日黑风死亡85人，伤264人，失踪31人。此外，死亡和丢失大牲畜12万头，农作物受灾560万亩，沙埋干旱地区的生命线水渠总长2000多公里，兰新铁路停运31小时。总经济损失超过5.4亿元。

沙尘暴天气的危害

沙尘暴天气是我国西北地区和华北北部地区出现的强灾害性天气，可造成房屋倒塌、交通供电受阻或中断、火灾、人蓄伤亡等，污染自然环境，破坏作物生长，给国民经济建设和人民生命财产安全造成严重的损失和极大的危害。沙尘暴危害主要在以下几方面：

1、生态环境恶化

出现沙尘暴天气时狂风裹的沙石、浮尘到处弥漫，凡是经过地区空气浑浊，呛鼻迷眼，呼吸道等疾病人数增加。如1993年5月5日发生在金昌市的强沙尘暴天气，监测到的室外空气含尘量为1016毫米/立方厘米，室内为80毫米/立方厘米，超过国家规定的生活区内空气含尘量标准的40倍。

2、生产生活受影响

沙尘暴天气携带的大量沙尘蔽日遮光，天气阴沉，造成太阳辐射减少，几小时到十几个小时恶劣的能见度，容易使人心情沉闷，工作学习效率降低。轻者可使大量牲畜患染呼吸道及肠胃疾病，严重时将导致大量“春乏”牲畜死亡、刮走农田沃土、和幼苗。沙尘暴还会使地表层土壤风蚀、沙漠化加剧，覆盖在植物叶面上厚厚的沙尘，影响正常的光合作用，造成作物减产。

3、生命财产损失

1993年5月5日，发生在甘肃省金昌、威武、民勤、白银等地市的强沙尘暴天气，受灾农田253.55万亩，损失树木4.28万株，造成直接经济损失达2.36亿元，死亡50人，重伤153人。2000年4月12日，永昌、金昌、威武、民勤等地市强沙尘暴天气，据不完全统计仅金昌、威武两地市直接经济损失达1534万元。

4、交通安全（飞机、汽车等交通事故）

沙尘暴天气经常影响交通安全，造成飞机不能正常起飞或降落，使汽车、火车车厢玻璃破损、停运或脱轨。

沙尘暴缘起土壤风蚀

据新华社兰州电在中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所专家的努力下，一项为探讨沙尘物质的启动、传输机理而专门设立的沙尘暴风洞模拟实验近日用品顺利完成。

通过实验，专家们发现，土壤风蚀是沙尘暴发生发展的首要环节。风是土壤最直接的动力，其中气流性质、风速大小、土壤风蚀过程中风力作用的相关条件等是最重要的因素。另外土壤含水量也是影响土壤风蚀的重要原因之一。

这项实验还证明，植物措施是防治沙尘暴的有效方法之一。专家认为植物通常以3种形式来影响风蚀：分散地面上一定的风动量，减少气流与沙尘之间的传递；阻止土壤、沙尘等的运动。

此外，通过实验研究人员得出一条结论：沙尘暴发生不仅是特定自然环境条件下的产物，而且与人类活动有对应关系。人为过度放牧、滥伐森林植被，工矿交通建设尤其是人为过度垦荒破坏地面植被，扰动地面结构，形成大面积沙漠化土地，直接加速了沙尘暴的形成和发育。